ppipgjpi r-stv? j-r? «**4i •V -t"z -tyv'V. *s» •^x,'l'1^,U:^^^!^J^ .... v, •••.•:•• •. -V:,..-.-, .. :••...: *•. •••.'•: •?**•.• INTERNATIONAL FALLS PRESS PAGE SIX HARDING GLAD induce me to do, that I cannot even ple if we should fail to contribute an est conceivable assistance to the stricken would make no fine distinction as to attempt to recount them. I may remark peoples of Europe. I include all ot 8TRIKING PHRA8E8 armed force, If called upon to do so. whom credit is due. casually, however, that if I them and speak with a genuinely sympathetic The President first replied, as I "This is proposing no new thing. FROM HARDING'8 should be, as I fully expect to be, elected thought somewhat evasively, that we heart, whether it is to mm AMERICANS ARE This country is already a member of PEACE LEAGUE President of thin just and honorable 'would be our own judges as to whother tion devastated France, or sorely-tried such a society—The Hague tribunal, ADDRESS. republic, I will not empower an assistant we were obliged in those circumstances Italy, or nobly-struggling Poland, or which, unlike the league of Versailles, secretary of, the navy to draft a to act in that way or not. distracted and misguided Russia, or is still functioning, and within a few A FREE PEOPLE 1 constitution for helpless neighbors in "I rejoice that America is still Pressed further, however, in response gallant little Belgium, or pitiably deceived weeks will resume its committee, sessions the West Indies and jam it down their free and independent and in a to a query incorporating the assumption Austria, or the ruthless invader* under the chairmanship of an throats at the point of bayonets borne position of jelf reliance and that 'the case provided for and Germany, which came to the supreme American representative. holds to the right of self by United States marines. V/e have prescribed had arisen' and that 'the tragedy through a leadership which "In that body we have the framework a higher service for our gallant marines termination." extraneous attack did exist precisely brought disaster to her misguided people. of a really effective instrumentality than that. Nor will I misuse the In Speech to Indiana Delegation as it does exist today in Poland,' the of- enduring peace. The fact power of the executive to cover with a "Time was when an American President admitted specifically that "It was with that feeling of sympathy that the tribunal did not prevent the Republican Nominee Declares veil of secrecy repeated acts of unwarranted did not Hesitate to proclaim himself 'we would be untrua if we did not keep and desire to serve, that most fereat war is, of course, manifest, but interference in domestic affairs a patriot. To do so now, our word.' for Security at Home. reluctantly and with grave misgivings, the cause of the failure is no less apparent. of the little republics of the western I am well aware, is sometimes to "Replying further to a question which as I announced at the time, I with Germany, already secretly determined hemisphere, such as in the past perhaps I ought not to have considered Invite the sneers of cynicism." reservations designed to preserve our upon a ruthless invasion, was few years have not only made enemies necessary, the President pronounced a able to prevent the adoption of measures essential liberty of action The record EUROPE HAS EVEN NOW of those who shouH be our friends, but "We needed only the outbreak moral obligation 'of course, superior is made, and under the same conditions, which might have proved Effectual. have rightfully discredited our country of the war between Poland and QUIT WILSON'S LEAGUE to a legal obligation' and of 'a greater The condition now is wholly different. confronted by the same alter as their trusted neighbor. binding force.' Not only Germany, but the Russia to make us realize at native, I should vote now as I voted "What, then, becomes of the argument least one of the things which, then. entire world has profited to the extent Will Submit to No Wrongs that Congress, not the President, in the words of Secretary Lansing, of an awful object lesson, the impression Conditions Have Changed. "On the other nana, I will not or Yet Democratic Party Leaders Would in this instance at any rate, might we would have been Met in of which cannot be erased from "But the conditions have changed. shall not. as you prefer, submit to any Have Us Bound by Original Pact 'keep us out of war?' Technically, of for,' but for the restraining hand the human mind for generations to Experience has brought enlightenment. wrong against any American,citizen, of the senate." course, it could do so. Morally, with come. The horrors of war and the With No American Safeguards. We know now that the league with respect to either his life or his equal certainty, it could not do so nor eagerness for peace have become universal. constituted at Versailles is utterly, impotent property, by any government. This "We know now that the league would it ever do so. The American What once seemed at The as a preventive of wars. It is statement is made in all solemnity, constituted at Versailles is utterly people would never permit a repudia^ Hague to be a mere academic discussion "STEADY AMERICA!" so obviously impotent that it has not with enmity for none and friendship Impotent as a preventive tion of a debt of honor. has become a positive, outstanding even been tried. The original league, for all. If it particularly applies to wars, it is so obviously impcP "Am I not right, my countrymen, in "Mindful of our splendid example need of facing terrifying actualities. mistakenly conceived and unreasonably Mexico, the application has been directed tent that it has not even been saying that we needed only the outbreak and renewing every obligation This makes vastly easier the insisted upon, has undoubtedly by the robbery "and murder of tried. It could not survive a of association in war, I of war between Poland and Russia tusk of so strengthening The Hague passed beyond the possibility of restoration. hundreds of our own people in that single test. The original league, want America to be the rock of to make us realize at least one of tribunal as to render its just decrees The maturer judgment of unhappy country who were lawfully mistakenly conceived and unreasonably security at home, resolute in the things which, in the words of Secretary either acceptable or enforceable. It is the world will be that it deserved to there and were entitled to protection. insisted upon, has undoubtedly righteousness and unalterable in Lansing, we would have been 'let not uncommon for the advocates of the pass for the very simple reason that, One must admit that these outrages passed beyond the security and supremacy of the in for,' but for the restraining hand of league of Versailles to contrast unfavorably contrary to all of the tendencies developed upon Americans are largely the consequences possibility of restoration. The the senate, and to fetch home to us the The Hague tribunal upon law. by the civilizing processes of the of the wiggling and wobbling, maturer judgment of the world danger of committing our country in "Let us be done with wiggling the ground that the tribunal 'lacks world, it rested upon the power of the supine waiting of our own government, will be that it deserved to pass." and wobbling. advance to causes that we know not teeth." might, not of right. though the admission neither "Steady America! Let us assure of? "The assertion is made frequently helps the hurt, nor gives the hopa of Let's Install the Teeth. good fortune to all." Not Our Purpose. security for the future while the present that through the surrender of our nationality "Very well, then, let's put teeth into may be derived and without regard to "One ca!i have no quarrel with those Senator Warren G. Harding in administration remains in power, we might have saved the life it. If, in the failed league of Versailles, party affiliation, to formulate a definite, who have convinced themselves that address before the Indiana of the covenant—that is to say, that, or when one in 'complete accord' succeeds there can be found machinery practical plan along the lines already delegation at Marion. our underlying purpose in^entering the it. although twenty-eight nations could which the tribunal can use properly indicated for the consideration great conflict was to create a league "This admonition is not directed exclusively not make it function, one added to the and advantageously, by all means let of the controlling foreign powers. of nations. The fact remains, however, toward our next door neighbor twenty-eight would have achieved a It be appropriated. I would even go Marion, O. (Special.)—Senator Warren "The objection, strongly uttered in that no such intent was officially to whom we would gladly hold glowing success, provided, always, that further. I would take and combine all G. Harding, Republican nominee some quarters, that this course would acclaimed, no allusion, nor even a suggestion forth a helping hand, and whom the one were America. that is good and excise all that is for President, in a speech delivered to involve the reconvening of the entire to that effect appeared in the primarily, certainly in preference to "This pays to America the tribute bad from both organizations. This a delegation from Indiana which called convention may be regarded as a very joint resolution of Congress which declared far off peoples in Europe, Asia and of exceptional influence, but I suggest statement is broad enough to include on him here to pledge the support of slight one. The acceptance of our proposals the existence of a state of war Africa, it is our manifest duty to that if the world is dependent upon the suggestion that if the league, Indiana Republicans, declared that by the few principal nations between this country and Germany. serve with a whole heart and generous our action to bring about the supreme which has heretofore riveted our considerations twice President Wilson had an opportunity would undoubtedly be followed For myself I left no room for doubt tolerance. It is intended for a realization, then we ought to have the and apprehensions, has to obtain ratification of the promptly by the acceptance on the of the motives which led me to cast plain notice to every government on been so entwined and interwoven into say about our o^n freedom in participating League of Nations covenant and that part of the minor members of the alliance. my vote in favor of that resolution. the face of the earth that the entire therein. But let us consider the peace of Europe, that its good he put ratification aside because he It so happened that I made the concluding resources of this nation are pledge:to must be preserved in order to stabilize what is meant by this reliance upon would not accept reservations designed "There would be no material delay. speech upon the war resolution, maintain the sacredness of American America. What can it signify if not the peace of that continent, then it solely to safeguard American rights. One can sot disregard the leadership from my place in the senate, on lives and the just protection cf can be amended or revised so that that it is to the United States, and to Senator Harding said: or have any doubt about the influence the night of April 4, 1917. These were American properties. we may still have a remnant of world the United States alone, that the other "I greet you in a spirit of rejoicing of the principal allied and associated my own words at that time: aspirations in 1918 builded into the twenty-eight nations look for the Line of Demarcation Plain. not a rejoicing in the narrow personal powers. Insofar as I could do so, without 'I want it known to the people of world's highest conception of helpful bone and sinew, the money, the munitions "The line of damarcation between or partisan sense, not in the gratifying disregarding the proprieties, I my state and to the nation that I am co-operation in the ultimate realization. and the men to sustain the entire our attitude and that of our political prospects of party triumph not in the should give very earnest and practically voting for war tonight for the maintenance organization, not as an agency of opponents is perfectly plain.. The contemplation of abundance in the undivided attention to this very of just American rights, which "I believe humanity would welcome peace, but as an armed force? president has made his position clear harvest fields and ripening corn fields vital subject from the day of my election is the first essential to the preservation the creation of an international by his acts no less than by his words. A Telling Admission. and maturing orchards not in the reassuring and I should ask others to of the soul of this republic. association for conference and a Twice there came to him an opportunity "A few days ago a delegation of an approach of. stability after a likewise as a matter of public 'I vote for this joint resolution to world court -whose verdicts upon justiciable organization which calls itself a Society to obtain ratification at the period of wiggling and wobbling which patriotic duty. Indeed, I should hope make war, not a war thrust upon us, questions, this country in common «f. hands of the senate and twice he put for the Prevention of War appealed magnified our uncertainty—though all to have behind me, after the decision if I could choose the language of the with all nations would be both the opportunity aside, because he to the premier of Great Britain of these are ample for our wide rejoicing—but on the national referendum we are resolution, but a war declared in response willing and able to uphold. The decision would not accept reservations designed to unite and use the powers of the I rejoice that America is soon to have, a country wholly united to affronts a war that will at of such a court or the recommendations solely to safeguard American world in defense of Poland, Armenia still free and independent and in a position in earnest endeavor to achieve a true least put a soul into our American of such a conference could rights. He still holds Article 10 to and the Dardanelles. The British premier of self-reliance and holds to the solution of this problem upon which life. a war not for the cause of the be accepted without sacrificing on be the heart of the covenant. So does replied, according to his remarks right of self-determination, which are the future cilization so largely depends. allies of Europe a war not for France, our part or asking any other power the Democratic platform. So does the priceless possessions in the present quoted by the newspapers, to the effect beautiful as the sentiment may be in to sacrifice one iota of its nationality. Democratic nominee. To assume that turbulence of the world. that, while the formation of 'an reviving at least our gratitude to the Already Announced. "The Democratic nominee has spoken the nominee would accept the reservations international army' would be 'an ideal "Let us suppose the senate had ratified "I have already announced that I French people not precisely a war for about America abandoning her associates rejected by the President and the peace treaty containing the solution,' it could not be accomplished shall urge prompt passage of the resolution, civilization, worthy and inspiring as in war and deserting the denounced by the party platform is league covenant as submitted to it by because the European nations could vetoed by the president, declaring that would be but a war that speaks allied nations in establishing the to impugn his Integrity. To insinuate, the president in July of last year, not furnish the troops and the United at an end the preposterous condition for the majesty of a people properly league of Versailles. I do not think as those who in proclaiming themselves what would be the situation confronting States had 'withdrawn from co-operation'—a of technical war when we are governed, who finally are brought to it longer necessary to challenge that for the Democratic candidate our common country today? To polite and diplomatic phrase actually at peace. Simultaneously, I the crucial test where they are resolved statement or pass further opinion upon and 'the league with reservations' do my mind there is but one answer. Before and more exactly meaning, of course, to get together and wage a conflict shall naturally advise the resumption the unfortunate league. It has already insinuate that he would pursue such this day we would have been that the senate of the. United States by the Congress of its exceptional for the maintenance of their been abandoned by Europe, a course in seeking ratification is not called upon to fulfill the obligations had not completed the partial obligation rights and the preservation of the covenant powers, which have been vested by war which had gone so far a# to accept to,pay him a compliment, but rather Which we had assumed under Article assumed by the President to do inherited from their fathers. legislation in the executive. I have no it by formal agreement in treaty. On to challenge his sincerity. 10 of the league covenant, to preserve that very thing—that is, to 'furnish "We have given to the world the expectation whatever of finding it this subject, we are fully informed at "For myself I do not question for a the territorial integrity of Poland 'as the troops.' Could a clearer indication necessary or advisable to negotiate a spectacle of a great nation that could first hand. Only the other day the moment the truth of what the Democratic against external aggression.' of what would have been expected make war without selfish intent. We separate peace with Germany. British premier said unresentfully nominee says on this subject. Sympathy for Poland. of this country as a member of jthe unsheathed the sword some eighteen "In view of the simple fact that that the essential co-operation of He has flatly said he is 'in favor of "I shall not now attempt to measure league be desired? Hardly. Some, allied powers with whom we were as-' years ago for the first time in the history America might involve 'some change, going in' on the basis announced by the boundless sympathy for the too, think, or say they think, that this of the world, in the name of humanity, at any rate, in the form of the covenant,' sociated in the war have already formally the President I am not. That is the just aspirations and restored independence extraordinary service should be rendered. and we gave proof to the concluded their peace, the passage and he added, with characteristic thole difference between us, but it of Poland. Our present concern I do not agree with them, but, world at that time of an unselfish nation. outspokenness, 'it is quite possible of the peace resolution by congress is a most vital one, because it involves is the international situation which assuming that they are right, I venture Now, whether it is the fate, or it might be a change for the better.' would merely give formal recognition Poland has brought to our attention. the disparity between a world to note that nothing stands in the fortune, or travail of destiny, it has "Listen, further, to the wise and farseeing, to an obvious fact. fit "The council of the League of Nations court justice supplemented by a way of performance. The President come to us to unsheathe the sword former British ambassador, Our Unselfishness Emphasized. world association for conference, on would have reasoned, and rea has only to call upon Congress to declare again, not alone for humanity's sake— who was not permitted to present his "Let us take stock for a moment of soned correctly, that the United States the one hand, and the council of the war, and to confer upon him specific though that splendid Inspiration will credentials to our executive. America in the world, aye, and of could furnish the munitions and, if league, on the other. authority to raise armies for the be involved—but to unsheathe the America at home. The end of the war On Our Own Terms. necessary, the men to withstand the protection of the powers which, though The Difference. sword against a great power in the found our unselfishness emphasized to hordes advancing from Russia far 'As long,' said Viscount Grey, hardly recently associated with, are still foreign "The difference between, a court of maintenance of the rights of the republic, all mankind, and the garlands of more easily than could the exhausted a month ago, 'as long as the richest, to our own republic. international justice and the council in the maintenance which will world leadership were bestowed from nations of Europe. Moreover, inasmuch most powerful, the greatest, both for "It is reasonably safe to assume, created by the league covenant is give to us a new guaranty of nationality. every^clirection. We had only to follow as this would be the first test population and territory, of the civilized however, that the President will not simple but profound. That's the great thing, and I the path of America, rejoicing in the of the scheme of world government countries of the world stands outside^he pursue this course. Fortunately, he is "The one is a judicial tribunal to want it known, Mr. President and senators, inheritance which led to our eminence, which v/as formulated and demanded league, the league will be unable under no 'compelling moral obligation' be governed by fixed and definite principles that this is the impelling to rivet the gaze of all peoples upon by the President, speaking for the to fulfill its destiny. To put it in under the league to do so. His recent of law administered without thought with me for one, when I cast our standards of national righteousness United States, the fact of a special quite plain terms, the Americans must unhappy experience, moreover, in asking passion or prejudice. The other is an my vote.' and our conception of international responsibility, resting upon our shoulders, be told that if they will only join the Congress to send American boys association of diplomats and politicians justice. Moreover, the world was For Same Guaranty Today. manifestly would have been undeniable. league they can practically name their to Police Armenia would hardly encourage whose determinations are sure "It is for that same 'guaranty of nationality' ready to give us its confidence. It was own terms.' Undoubtedly that is the Undoubtedly the league to be influenced by considerations of repetition of a request already that I stand today, and shall the beckoning opportunity of the centuries, council, in 'advising upon the means' fact. I ask: Is there any good reason expediency and national selfishness. courteously but quite firmly declined continue to stand inflexibly, so long not for the glorification of the by which the obligations to Poland why we should not avail ourselves by the Congress. What then, in "I do not mean to say, nor do I as I shall be permitted to live. The new world republic, but for America should be fulfilled, as provided in the of this privilege? -I do not mean in like circumstances, would be the answer mean to permit any such construction, independence of our great republic is to hold every outpost of advancing civilization covenant, would have so held, and any arrogant or selfish way, but simply of the British premier himself? that I would decline to co-operate with to me a priceless and sacred inheritance. and invite all nations to join probably the conscience of America, as a matter of fairness and right other nations In an honest endeavor In his own words, addressing a meeting Time was when an American the further advance to heights dreamed certainly the opinion of the world, to our own people. Surely it is becoming, to prevent wars. Nobody living of the Coalition Liberals on August did not hesitate to proclaim himself a of, but never approached before, would have sustained that judgment. and a duty as well, to safeguard would take that position. The only 12 last, according to the press reports, patriot. To do so now, I am well our own people, since it is we But force of example was flung asi^'J^ "The conclusion that our country question is one of method or of practicability he said: aware, is sometimes to invite the for force of armed alliance. We neglected might now be confronted by such a who are the main contributors, while within the bounds prescribed 'When the terrible question of peace sneers of cynicism. But why should our readjustments and restorations^t asking nothing for ourselves except to situation, if the senate had ratified by fundamental principles. or war has to.be decided, our first any true American not be free to say home, and the cruel sacrifice the league covenant, requires no particpate in a contribution to the "There are distinctly two types of duty as a government is to the people, 'I am a patriot, wholly-devoted to my of millions of lives and billions of stretch of the imagination. :None can promotion of world peace." international relationship. One is an who trust us not to commit their country, which I hold to be God's best treasure left us and the world groping deny that it is possible. To many A Valued Suggestion. offensive and defensive alliance of treasure to any unjustifiable adventure. inspiration to man for higher attainment in uncertainty and anxiety instead of candid minds, as to my own, such a "Viscount Grey continues: 'The great powers, like that created at Nothing but the most imperative and the promotion of the world's revealing us in the sunlight of anew distressing situation will seem highly Americans should be intrusted with Versailles, to impose their will upon call of national honor, national best civilization?' probable. Let us assume that the day, wijth lines formed, ready for the the task of drafting a reconstruction the helpless peoples of the world. safety and national freedom can justtify "But I have a special reason for ratification had taken place. Let us onward march of peace and all its triumphs. scheme.' Then he suggests further Frankly, I am opposed to such a war. Before this country is committed making this reference today. I challenge assume, further, that the performance that 'a committe of the senate—we scheme as that, and I speak knowingly to it, even in the most limited the statement that the patriotism of the alloted task required the waging must never forget the senate's rights Let's Resume Our Place. when I say that the associated form, we must be satisfied that these which holds America first comprehends of war upon the Russian people, "Mindful of our splendid example and duties in regard to foreign affairs powers, with whom we fought the war, are in peril.' either narrowness or selfishness, as, of course, it would, what would and renewing every obligation of association being re-enforced by the members were reluctant to accept such a proposition. "I quote these telling words, my or as implying tacit suspicion in I want America to be result what would of necessity have war, of the house of representatives, countrymen, with the utmost satisfaction, and jealousy of other peoples. to result? Nothing necessarily, we the rock of security at home, resolute and also by nominees of the President, "I am opposed to the very thought because with one amendment "To assert, aq some have asserted are glibly informed, since only the and Supreme Court—could draw up in righteousness and unalterable in security of our republic becoming a party to they express to a nicety my own position. heedlessly, that those of us who honestly Congress can declare war, and the and supremacy of the law. suggestions for the reconstruction of Let so great an outrage upon other peoples, I take for granted that the believe that America can best serve Congress might reject the appeal of the league, which would be consonant us be done with wiggling and wobbling. who have as good aright to seek prime minister meant to include in all mankind as America, free and untrammeled, the executive. But would the Congress with the feeling not of one, but of air Steady, America I Let us assure their political freedom as we had in 'treasure' the greatest treasure of all rather than as one in a do that? Could the Congress do that parties in America.' We may good fortune to all. 1776 and have the same right to developing but, for myself, I should leave nothing pitiable minority among many states without staining indelibly the honor maintain our eminence as a great peopie "Frankly, I value that suggestion eminence under the inspiration to be inferred. Foremost and in merged world government, lack of the nation? at home and resume our high pi* very highly, because it is proffered of nationality as we held for ourselves. above all else to be safeguarded by consciousness of the rightful demands Answer is "No." in the estimate of the world. obviously in a helpful and ^friendly those of us who hold the trust of the of humanity, is to utter a gross and "I answer 'No,' and I say it not on spirit and reveals an important Old moral leadership was lost when 'Aiw people, it goes without saying, but cannot The Other Type. unpardonable libel. To attribute meanness my own authority alone. Back of my World opinion on the necessity of bition' sought to superimpose a reactlonary be too often repeated, is the manhood to those of us who, in the performance "The other type is a society of free judgment stands the President of the theory of discredited autocracy amendment, revision or reconstruction. of the nation. nations, or an association of free nations, United States. Upon that point there of our public duty, refused to upon the progressive principle of liv,ing, It comprehends substantially what I participate in what we sincerely regarded or a league of free nations, animated Is first-hand information. In the course Will Not Misuse Power. glowing democracy. My chief as-., would propose to do if elected president. as a betrayal of our own country "Now, it may appear to you that I by considerations of right and of the discussion which took place at I do not mean precisely that. It piration, my countrymen, if clothed justice, instead of might and selfinterest, the meeting of the President and the in the interest of others, is to discredit have been speaking chiefly in the negative. with power, will be to regain that lost would be clearly unwise to undertake and not merely proclaimed an Senate Committee ofc Foreign Relations the intelligence and discrimination I make the admission. What is leadership not for myself, not even for specific suggestions or to attempt to I raised the question by stating of the great mass of American agency in. pursuit of peace, but so organized more, I might continue to do so almost now. pass upon suggestions What is my party, though honoring and trust-^ a people^who directly, by their votes, put and so participated in as to hypothetical case precisely analogous indefinitely without disadvantage to in my mind is the wisdom of calling lng it as I do, but for my country, the 0^^ make the actual attainment of peace a to tjxaf which I have depicted, and then us in our positions of trust. For myself, and our cause. So many things have been Into, real conference the ablest" country that I love from the bottom Inquired whether we might not rightfully I yield tno man in willingness, reasonable possibility. Such an association of my heart and with every fiber of done by the present expiring administration of conn- inost experienced minds this a be regarded as perfidious peo­ aye, in eagerness, to render the great­ {favor with all my heart,' and 1 that no power on earth /Krald try. from whatever walks of life they my being above all else in the world."